4. Geometric Specifications

Defines the shape and form features of a part. Often used in conjunction with GD&T (Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing) standards.

• Straightness: The degree of how straight a line, edge, or surface is. E.g., "Straightness: 0.02mm over 100mm."
• Angularity: The specified angle between two surfaces or features, often measured in degrees. E.g., "Angle between two faces: 90° ± 0.5°."
• Perpendicularity: The degree of perpendicularity between two surfaces or features. E.g., "Perpendicularity: 0.05mm."
• Parallelism: Describes the degree to which two surfaces are parallel. E.g., "Parallelism: 0.03mm."
• Circularity (Concentricity): Describes how closely the part’s circular features match the true center. E.g., "Concentricity: 0.01mm."